DIFFERENT SOFTWARE USED IN MULTIMEDIA

There is a variety of multimedia software available for free for the use of the public in general and the professionals as well. While some of these multimedia software that can be used in your phones as well in the form of apps, whereas some other software is only limited to your laptops.

Media Players:

A media player is a software application for playing back multimedia files, including audio and/or video. Most media players can play both audio only and video (with sound), although there are a small number of players that focus one type, known as audio players or video players.

Media players typically use icons, which have their origin in tape recorders and disk players. Typical control buttons include Play, Pause, Stop, Fast Forward, Rewind, and others. Now add in options to control volume, and you have a very intuitive interface that is easy to use.

Most operating systems have a default multimedia player built in. For example, Windows includes Windows Media Player and Mac OS includes QuickTime and iTunes. However, there are many other types of media players. A recent trend is for media players to be integrated with services that provide content.

For example, you can use the player to connect to online stores for music, movies and TV shows, or you can connect to streaming services. iTunes is one of the most popular of these types of media players, but numerous others have emerged as online media consumption has increased.

AudioSoftware

The software to record and edit audio is often referred to as a digital audio editor. High-end systems for professionals are also called digital audio workstations.

Audio can consist of only spoken text, such as the narration of this video, or include music and other sound effects. A digital audio editor typically contains functions for the following tasks:

• Record audio from a variety of different input sources
• Mix multiple tracks into one output track
• Apply effects, such as noise reduction and equalization, to improve the quality
• Edit sound clips by cutting out certain parts, switching the order of clips, etc.
• Converting  between a variety of different formats

Some of the most widely used audio software applications include Audacity by the Audacity Team, Audition by Adobe, GarageBand by Apple and ProTools by Avid - but there are many others.

VideoSoftware:

Video editing software consists of software for the post-production of video editing. The source material is collected by digital video cameras, and this is imported into the software for editing. Most modern video editing software uses a technique known as non-linear editing (NLE).

Before digital video, traditional editing tools for celluloid film consist of cutting and pasting film segments in the linear sequence in which the materials were recorded.  In a digital workflow, the raw video material can be imported and broken up in sections known as clips.

 These clips can be modified by trimming, splicing and cutting, and then arranged in a new sequence.  Typically, a series of clips is laid out in a work area and then dragged into a timeline representing a draft of the final video. Once the editor is happy with result, the series of clips is exported to a new video file.

Video editing is fairly demanded on computer system, video takes up a lot of storage and processing video file takes up a lot of processing power and memory.

Video editing software used to be the domain of professionals on dedicated system, but advances in computer hardware has made video editing much more accessible.  Software specifically aimed at regular consumers now makes it relatively easy to produce professional looking videos.

Text, Sound and Images

Text

Text refers to the form of written language. From a literary point of view, it is usually a sentence or a combination of sentences with complete, systematic meaning (message). A text can be a sentence, a paragraph or a chapter.

In literary theory, a text is any object that can be "read", whether this object is a work of literature, a street sign, an arrangement of buildings on a city block, or styles of clothing. It is a coherent set of signs that transmits some kind of informative message. This set of signs is considered in terms of the informative message's content, rather than in terms of its physical form or the medium in which it is represented.

Within the field of literary criticism, "text" also refers to the original information content of a particular piece of writing; that is, the "text" of a work is that primal symbolic arrangement of letters as originally composed, apart from later alterations, deterioration, commentary, translations, paratext, etc. 

Therefore, when literary criticism is concerned with the determination of a "text", it is concerned with the distinguishing of the original information content from whatever has been added to or subtracted from that content as it appears in a given textual document (that is, a physical representation of text).

Since the history of writing predates the concept of the "text", most texts were not written with this concept in mind. Most written works fall within a narrow range of the types described by text theory. The concept of "text" becomes relevant if and when a "coherent written message is completed and needs to be referred to independently of the circumstances in which it was created."

Sound

Sound is a sound wave generated by the vibration of an object. It is a wave phenomenon that is transmitted through a medium (air or solid, liquid) and can be perceived by human or animal hearing organs. The object that originally vibrates is called the sound source. The sound propagates in the form of waves. Sound is the movement of sound waves through the propagation of any substance.

Decibel is a unit used to indicate the intensity of sound, which is recorded as dB.

Sound is a kind of fluctuation. When playing an instrument, tapping a door or hitting a tabletop, the vibration of the sound will cause the medium-air molecules to have rhythmic vibrations, causing the surrounding air to change densely and form a dense and longitudinal longitudinal wave. This creates a sound wave that continues until the vibration disappears.

Sound can always be broken down into superpositions of sine waves of different intensities of different frequencies. This process of transformation (or decomposition) is called the Fourier transform.

Therefore, the general sound always contains a certain frequency range. The frequency of the sound is usually expressed in Hertz and is recorded as Hz, which refers to the number of periodic vibrations per second. As a wave, the sound with a frequency between 20 Hz and 20 kHz can be recognized by the human ear. Fluctuations above this range are called ultrasonic waves, and below this range are called infrasound waves.

Characteristics of sound

• Loudness: The subjectively perceived size of the sound (commonly known as the volume) is determined by the "amplitude" and the distance of the person from the sound source. The louder the amplitude, the greater the distance between the person and the sound source, and the louder the louder. (Unit: decibel dB)

• Pitch: The level of the sound (treble, bass), determined by the "frequency", the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch (frequency unit Hz, human ear hearing range 20 ~ 20000Hz. 20Hz below is called infrasound, 20000Hz or more is called ultrasonic For example, the sound of the bass end or the higher sound, such as a stringed sound.The frequency is the number of sound waves passing through a given point per second. It is measured in Hertz and is named after Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. This person has set up a table to show how the frequency is related to the period per second.1 kHz or 1000 Hz means that there are 1000 cycles of sound waves passing through a given point per second, 1 MHz is 1,000,000 cycles per second, and so on.

• Tone: Also known as the sound, the waveform determines the sound of the sound. Sound has different characteristics due to the characteristics of different object materials. The sound itself is an abstract thing, but the waveform is an abstract and intuitive expression. The sound is different and the waveform is different. Typical tone waveforms include square waves, sawtooth waves, sine waves, pulse waves, and so on. Different sounds, through the waveform, are completely distinguishable.

• Music: There are regular, pleasant sounds. Noise: From a physics point of view, the sound produced by the sounding body as a random vibration; from the perspective of environmental protection, all the sounds that interfere with people's normal work, study and rest, and the sounds that people want to listen to interfere with. sound.

Tone, loudness, and timbre are the three main characteristics of music. People use them to distinguish sounds.

When two objects collide and vibrate to produce sound, if the vibration frequency ratio is a non-reducible complexity ratio, such as: 201:388, then we will distinguish this sound as harsh; if, on the other hand, if the vibration frequency ratio is The simpler ratio that can be simplified, such as: 3:7, then we will feel very pleasant when we distinguish it. (Pythagoras found)

The transmission of sound requires matter. In physics, such matter is called a medium. This medium can be air, water, or solid. Of course, in a vacuum, sound cannot propagate. The speed at which sound travels in different media is also different. The speed of sound propagation is related to the counter-balancing force of the medium. 

When a certain molecule of a substance deviates from its equilibrium position, the surrounding molecules will squeeze it back to the equilibrium position, and the counter-strength force is greater. The faster the sound spreads. The resistance of water is greater than that of air, and the resistance of iron is greater than that of water.

The spread of sound is also related to temperature and resistance.

The sound will also be refracted by the blockage of external materials. For example, when people face the mountains and shout, they can hear their own echoes. Another example is refraction: the sound of the night spreads farther than the daytime, because during the daytime the sound is in the process of spreading, it encounters rising hot air, which refracts the sound quickly into the air; the cold air drops at night, the sound will follow The surface is slowly spreading, and it is not easy to refract.

3.Video

Video refers to various technologies that will capture, record, process, store, transmit and reproduce static images as electrical signals. When the continuous image changes more than 24 frames, according to the principle of visual persistence, the human eye cannot distinguish the static picture of a single frame; it seems to be a smooth continuous visual effect, so that the continuous picture is called video. Video technology was originally developed for television systems, but has now evolved into a variety of formats for consumers to record video. The development of network technology can also be carried on the form of streaming media through the record segment of the video and received and played by the computer. Video and film are different technologies, and photography is used to capture dynamic images as a series of still photos.

Video usually refers to storage formats for various motion pictures, such as digital video formats, including DVD, QuickTime, and MPEG-4; and analog video tapes, including VHS and Betamax. Video can be recorded and transmitted over different physical media: electrical signals when the video is captured or transmitted by radio, and magnetic signals when recorded on the tape; the actual transfer and capture of the video quality and storage The way it changes.

Property introduction

Screen update rate:

Frame rate is the number of static pictures played per second by the video format. Typical picture update rates range from early 6 or 8 frames per second to 120 frames per second today. Movie film is shot at a slightly slower 24fps; this usually requires some complicated conversion process when the TV broadcasts the movie. Approximately 10fps is required to achieve the most basic visual persistence.

Resolution:

The screen size of various TV specification resolution comparison videos is called "resolution". Digital video is preset in scale units, while analog video is measured in number of horizontal scan lines.

The new HDTV resolution is 1920×1080p60, which means that there are 1920 values per horizontal scan line, and each screen has 1080 scan lines, which is played at a speed of 60 pictures per second.

Length to width the ratio:

The aspect ratio is used to describe the ratio of the video picture to the picture element. The traditional TV screen has an aspect ratio of 4:3.

HDTV has an aspect ratio of 16:9. The 35mm film negative has an aspect ratio of about 1.37:1.

4.Image

An image is a material representation of a person's perception of vision. Images can be acquired by optical devices such as cameras, mirrors, telescopes, and microscopes; they can also be created by hand, such as by hand painting. 

The image can be recorded and stored on a medium sensitive to optical signals such as paper media, film, and the like. With the development of digital acquisition technology and signal processing theory, more and more images are stored in digital form. Thus, in some cases the term "image" actually refers to a digital image.Images are divided into still images, such as pictures, photos, etc., and motion pictures, such as movies.

An image is a visual symbol. Through professionally designed images, you can develop a visual language for communication between adults and people. It can also be a historical material for understanding the culture and history of ethnic groups. A large number of plane paintings, three-dimensional sculptures and architectures in the history of world art can also be regarded as the image cultural assets of human beings developed from ancient and modern civilizations.

Digital image

A digital image is a representation of a two-dimensional image with a finite number of numerical pixels.

Digital image software

 Geographic information system for digital image production

Typically, pixels are stored in a computer as raster images of a two-dimensional array of integers, which are often transmitted and stored in a compressed format.

Digital image type

The pixels of each image typically correspond to a particular 'position' in a two-dimensional space, and one or more sample values associated with that point constitute a value. According to the number and characteristics of these samples, different digital images can be divided into:

Binary image: The luminance value of each pixel in the image can only be taken from an image of 0 or 1, and is therefore also referred to as a 1-bit image.

Grayscale image: Also known as grayscale image: Each pixel in the image can be represented by a luminance value from 0 (black) to 255 (white). Between 0 and 255 represents a different gray level.

Color images: Color images are mainly divided into two types, RGB and CMYK. The color image of RGB is composed of three different color components, one is red, one is green, and the other is blue. The CMYK type image is composed of four-color components: C, M, Y, and K. CMYK type images are primarily used in the printing industry.

False color image

Stereoscopic image: A stereoscopic image is a pair of images taken by different angles of an object. Normally, we can calculate the depth information of an image using a stereo image.

Three-dimensional image: A three-dimensional image is composed of a set of two-bit images of a stack. Each image represents a cross section of the object.

Digital images are also used to represent data distributed over a three-dimensional space, such as images generated by a computed tomography device, in which case each data is referred to as a voxel.

Digital image display

Currently popular image formats include raster image formats BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, etc., as well as vector image formats WMF, SVG, and the like. Most browsers support direct display of GIF, JPG, and PNG images.

Sectors that contribute in Multimedia

Multimedia plays a great and vital role in the field of advertising. Whether it's a printed or electronic advertisement, they at first are prepared on the computer, by using professional software. Later, it’s brought in front of potential audiences.

The uses of Multimedia can be found in every aspect. Below are the sectors which contribute and use Multimedia in life, either on random or permanently.

1.) Advertising

As for today, there are many advertising platforms where used in Multimedia. It can be found anywhere and everywhere, where it’s on the street, shopping complex, or even your house. The advertising has make a great impact in the audience life. The advertising is used in sharing information, promote product advertisement and many. Frequently said, there are different types of advertising that can be found today. The different types of advertising include:

a)       Print advertising

b)      Radio (audio) advertising

c)       Television (video) advertising

d)      Digital advertising

o    Display Ads

o    Remarketing

o    Video

o    Social

o    Search

e)       Mobile advertising

2.) Education

The multimedia has a great importance in the form of education. Their usage has a significant role to play for children currently in the school. It is broadly used in the field of education and training. We used audio for imparting education even in traditional method, where charts, models etc. were used.

Nowadays the classroom need is not limited to that traditional method. However, rather it need an audio with visual media. Everything can be integrated into one system, with the uses of multimedia. In addition, the PC includes a high-quality display with mic option. This all lead to the development in wide range of a computer-based training.

3.) Mass Media

It's mostly used in the field of mass media like journalism, such as in various magazines and newspapers. Multimedia plays a vital role in term of publishing house, there many ongoing project like newspaper designing and other stuff.

Nowadays, we can see photographs in newspaper, not just the text. This makes the newspaper a perfect example, which will explain the worthiness of hypermedia.

4.) Gaming Industry

Games has one of the most exciting use in Multimedia. The live internet, which nowadays has become one of the most popular features in term of gaming.

The first application of multimedia system was found in the field of entertainment, which also known as the video game industry. Besides, the integrated audio and video effects make various types of games more fun and entertaining.

5.) Science & Technology

Multimedia had a wide application in the field of science and technology. It is capable of transferring audio, sending message and formatted multimedia documents. At the same time, it also helps in live interaction through audio message. It's only possible with the uses of hypermedia.

Besides, it reduces time and cost arranged at any moment, even in the case of emergencies. On the other hand, it's also become useful especially for surgeons, as it can create images which can derive from imaging scans of human body. It's also use in practice complicated procedure, such as brain removal and reconstructive surgery. It can be made in a much better way, as it can reduce the costs and complications.

6.) Fine Arts

There are multimedia artists, which blend techniques by using different media in fine arts. Its incorporates the interaction with the audiences. For examples, one of the famous artist is Peter Greenaway, which blend a cinema altogether with an opera, by the help of all sorts of digital media.

7.) Engineering

It can be said that software engineers often use multimedia in computer simulations, like for the military uses and industrial training. It's used for software interfaces, which are done as collaboration between a creative professionals and software engineers.

8.) Research

Multimedia usually used in modeling and simulation, when it came to area of mathematical and scientific research. As for example, by looking at particular molecular model by a group of scientist, in which a particular substance is used in order to manipulate and turn it into a new substance.

Difference between Interaction Multimedia

:
There are some different between the Interaction Multimedia and Multimedia System:
Interaction Multimedia: Interactive media, also called Interactive Multimedia, any
computer-delivered electronic system that allows the user to control, combine, and
manipulate different types of media, such as text, sound, video, computer graphics, and
animation. 

By making it possible to access illustrations and photographs, sound and
video, as well as large amounts of text, interactive multimedia programs present learning
information to teachers, students, and scholars in newly engaging and meaningful ways.
Everywhere you look, you will find an example of this form of communication. Social
networking websites such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram are examples of interactive
media.

These sites use graphics and text to allow users to share photos and information
about themselves, chat and play games. With digital technology advancing and trends
climbing towards customization, interactive media personalization plays a critical role in
connecting brands with consumers. In order to be relevant, brands must engage with their
consumers in unique ways and take advantage of new ways to interact with them.

Multimedia System:

A Multimedia System is a system capable of processing multimedia data and applications. It is characterized by the processing, storage, generation, manipulation and rendition
of Multimedia information. 
.
Multimedia can be defined as any application that combines text with graphics,
animation, audio, video, and/or virtual reality.  Multimedia systems are used for security
to keep intruders out of a system and for the protection of stored documents. 

Components of a Multimedia System. Now let us consider the Components (Hardware and
Software) required for a multimedia system: Capture devices. like Video
Camera,Video Recorder, Audio Microphone, Keyboards, mice, graphics tablets, 3D input devices, tactile sensors, VR devices.

Interactivity. Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text,audio, images, animations, video and interactive content. Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays such as text-only or traditional forms of printed or hand-produced

Advantages and Disadvantages of Multimedia

Advantages

User-friendly. It does not need the number of energy users, you can sit down to watch the demo, you can read the text and hear the sound.

It is a multi-sensory. It uses the senses of many users, while the use of multimedia, such as hearings, see and talk.

It is a comprehensive and interactive. Through different media in the process of digital integration. The possibility of interaction easy feedback are greatly increased.

It is flexible. Digitalization. Media can easily be changed to adapt to different situations and audiences.

It can be used for a variety of audiences, ranging from one person to the whole group.

Creative Industries:

The creative industries, including advertising, media and news, they use multimedia fun and interactive way to express their thoughts. Organization of advertising agencies and other creative work across a creative way of information, ideas and news. Path information in an interactive visualization of these ideas, multimedia plays a vital role.

The latest developments in the enterprise: technology and multimedia environment has made it possible for entrepreneurs to come up with an attractive company website or presentation, including information about their products and services to the interpretation of text, audio and video.

Marketing: construction in the site text, images, video shows the general idea of the product is very popular. To explain the links with the media, social networking sites to promote our ideas is inevitable. Customers can easily visualization and link to website, in a good way to understand the message.

Telecommunications industry:

Today, everyone is clear Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS). This service makes it possible to audio and video content from our mobile phones to send text. Previously, it was limited to only a certain number of text messages. In the phone’s multimedia applications area in 2012 will only increase with the daily development of the function, such as playing music, games, watching movies, and our mobile news.

It can be seen in the entertainment industry entertainment: multimedia use one. With the latest technology research and invention, the annual multimedia range has been expanded. We like to see a 3D movie in the cinema theaters and on television – and enjoy the movie special effects would not have been no multimedia possible.

Running on a multimedia platform for video games. Multimedia range is the frequent introduction of a wide range of new video game every other day. In short, it can be said that increased consumer support and positive feedback from the range of digital multimedia, and only increase in 2012. Has become more technology-friendly in the world. Network marketing, the popularity of the use of computers, mobile phones and video games is expanding its door in 2012 of multimedia opportunities.

Disadvantages

Information overload. Because it is so easy to use, it can contain too much information only once. 

It takes time to compile. Even if it is flexible, it needs time with the original draft.

It can be expensive. As one of my previous post mentioned, and multimedia using a wide range of resources, you can spend a lot of money.

Too unrealistic. Large files such as video and audio effects, the time it takes to load your presentation. By adding too much may mean that you must use a larger computer storage files. If you want to upload to the Internet, there are several factors, such as bandwidth and the user’s ability to keep in mind.

Compatibility

Each browser can display at least some subset of HTML. The broad support of multimedia elements. The best example is the case of Apple’s mobile devices, Flash multimedia. As of mid-2012, the device still does not support Flash, resulting in the dependence of Flash iPad and iPhone, the website displays an error. This problem applies to other types of multimedia, as well. Use the Windows Media format, multimedia content website will often fail to work properly correct the user’s computer, the lack of the Windows Media plug-in.

It takes time to compile. Even if it is flexible, it needs time with the original draft.

It can be expensive. As one of my previous post mentioned, and multimedia using a wide range of resources, you can spend a lot of money.

Too unrealistic. Large files such as video and audio effects, the time it takes to load your presentation. By adding too much may mean that you must use a larger computer storage files. If you want to upload to the Internet, there are several factors, such as bandwidth and the user’s ability to keep in mind.

Hierarchy of Multimedia

Roles in Multimedia Project

i.)    Director:

The roles of Director in Multimedia Project are designing and management of a project, utilized people’s skills and organizational skills, bringing and sharing information between the team and the client, and also know the strengths and limitations of hardware and software.

Firstly, the Director main task is basically on designing and manage a project. It can be said that, the Director of the Multimedia Project need to know on how to design the project, usually from the start until the project complete. He or She need to use the specialize skills, with great knowledge and ideas of their own. Being a Director require a good planner. A Director must know on how to utilize his skills, mainly on giving instructions to his staff and workers. The workers need a good leader, so that they will know on how to design the project.

The director also need to supervise the task carry by his team. He need to give specific, exact information and deliver a good set of instructions to his team, in order to successfully completing the tasks required by his company. In addition, the Director also need to understand the concept of strengths and limitations in hardware and software. A hardware is where the main parts uses in carrying out a project.

Hardware can include a CPU, monitor, sound card and others. CPU is where a processing and synchronization takes place. The Director need to know and utilize the use of CPU, in order to carry out project given to him. It’s necessary for him to create and develop a project a plan, with the help of CPU. Besides, he also need to know on how the use the computer monitor, in order to collect data information on his worker’s progress. The monitor can help him to monitor his worker’s current form, productivity and more.

The director also need to ensure people’s skills and organizational skills are utilized. The director need to use all the things that he has, in order to be a good leader. The directors need to maximize his utilities, in order to get the best out of his team. In fact, he also need to push his team and drove his team forward, in order to expand his company growth.

Lastly, the director must understand and deliver a good information between his team and the clients. He need to give proper speech, deliver a clear and strong information to his company, upon reaching the company target. He need to show great leadership skills, especially to his client in order to attract more client to invest in his company.

ii.)     Script Writer

In order to be a good Multimedia writer, he or she need to conduct a research, selecting organizing materials, and writing stories, ideas and information.

Firstly, a script writer need to carry out a research on which topic he or she has to compile, write and type. She need to have a good information and deeper knowledge, in order to bring the best information to her Director and the company. She will spend most of the time in writing or typing the document given to her, or carry out her own research like “the benefit that the company can get from the Multimedia project”. 

She need to use the utilities given to her, like the computer or a paperwork so that she can write and complete the script given to her. In addition, she also need to dig in information, in order to get good information in creating and writing a script. She need to select the best materials that she has, in order to give proper message to her Director. On the other hand, writing stories on a project carrying by her team is needed. She need to collect good information, usually day by days in order to get good stories regarding the ongoing project.

Lastly, she can also bring innovative ideas to her company, with the thing that she writes. Company can get good information from her perspective ideas.

iii) Cameraman

The cameraman job scope involves taking videos, editing and assembling recorded raw materials into a suitable, finished products ready for broadcasting. The cameraman need to have a good photographing skills, in order to create a good and beautiful videos. They usually will work with a digital camera, a lightning and other sets of video equipment.

He or She need to know on how to taking photos and video from different angles. He can compile both of them and make it into a good video, which will later use as a promotional video or as the company adverts. He can also use other platform, like Adobe Photoshop in order to enhance the video quality, to make it more clear. He can also insert some dialogue, sound effects with graphic and special effects in the video. 

This is to make the video more comprehensive to his working company. Creating video is not easy. Therefore, it’s necessary for him to give his best shot and show what he can do, in order to bring the best video, both to his company and the customer. 

What is Multimedia?

Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content. Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays such as text-only or traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material.

Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia devices are electronic media devices which used to store and experience multimedia content. 

Multimedia is distinguished from mixed media in fine art. For example, by including audio it has a broader scope. In the early years of multimedia the term "rich media" was synonymous with interactive multimedia, and "hypermedia" was an application of multimedia.